Study on Small Power Grid Model with an EMS that controls diesel generators, PV and storage batteries

Abstract

Global installed capacity for solar-powered electricity has seen an exponential growth as costs for solar power are falling rapidly. A photovoltaic system (PV) can contribute to reduce greenhouse gas emission and generation cost. Therefore, many countries, especially island countries such as the Pacific Island have been installing PV enthusiastically with using fund from public aid organizations such as development banks. However, PV which is intermittent power source can cause the degradation of power quality or blackout at worst. Particularly a grid in a small island tends to be affected badly by fluctuation of PV output. In this paper, we will study the impact by a large capacity of PV on a small grid in Tarawa, Kiribati. Furthermore, we will also implement a feasibility study with installing an Energy Management System (EMS), more PV and storage batteries as a solution. This study was funded by Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI).